Harm: Omission, Preemption, Freedom

Territorial Claims in the Domain of Accidental Harm: Conflicting Conceptions of Tort Preemption

Strategic Direction for Child Maltreatment Prevention

CM is a serious problem in the United States and around the world. 2 It can be defined as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or caregiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child. Acts of commission are deliberate and intentional, however, harm to a child may or may not be the intended consequence. Physical, sexual, and psychological ab...

Aggregate Analysis of Dose Omission Incidents Reported as Causing Harm

The omission of one or more doses of prescribed medication, which can occur at almost any stage of the medication-use process,1 is among the most commonly reported types of medication incident across different hospital care settings.1-4 Dose omission incidents, including inadvertent discontinuation of a medication, can have clinically insignificant effects; however, some incidents of this type ...

Omission bias , individual differences , and normality

Omission bias is the preference for harm caused by omissions over equal or lesser harm caused by acts. Recent articles (Connolly & Reb, 2003; Patt & Zeckhauser, 2000; Tanner & Medin, in press) have raised questions about the generality of this phenomenon and have suggested that the opposite bias (action bias) sometimes exists. Prentice and Koehler (2003) have suggested that omission bias is som...

A Bounded Rationality Approach to β, δ Preferences

Borrowing from Cognitive Heierarchy Theory, I introduce bounded rationality into the β, δ model of present-biased preferences. I define a level-two agent—or “k-2– sophisticate”—as one who is aware that her future selves will have present-bias, but believes that they will be naive. The k-2–sophisticate does one round of strategic thinking about her future behavior instead of the unlimited number...